Global job board revenue rose 9% in constant currency in 2016, reaching $12.4 billion, according to the “Job Board Market Report: 2017 Update,” released by Staffing Industry Analysts. The three largest firms — Recruit, LinkedIn, and SEEK — control more than half of the market.

Staffing Industry Analysts categorizes job boards by six different business models: standard job boards, job aggregators, online classifieds, social media job sites, community sites and programmatic job advertising/job distributors.

“Millions of employers use job boards as part of their talent acquisition strategy, and so trends in this market have far reaching implications for a broader ecosystem of stakeholders,” said Senior Research Analyst David Francis. “Despite the maturity of the job board industry, we continue to see innovation, as evidenced by the rise of new job advertising models and the entrance of players such as Facebook and Google. We think job boards will continue to be an important part of employers’ recruiting arsenal, though the competitive landscape has certainly intensified over the past few years.”

The top five global Job boards based on SIA’s estimates of each firm’s 2016 job board revenue (in US dollars) are:

1. Recruit (HQ: Japan): $3.31 billion; 26.7% market share; brands include Indeed, Rikunabi, Work in Japan, Hatalike and more.
2. LinkedIn (HQ: US): $2.36 billion; 19.1% market share.
3. SEEK (HQ: Australia): $695 million; 5.6% market share; brands include Zhaopin, JobsDB, JobStreet, BrasilOnline and OCC.
4. CareerBuilder (HQ: US): $669 million; 5.4% market share; brands include JobsCentral, JobScout24, Broadbean, Sologig, Headhunter, CareerRookie, MiracleWorkers, WorkinRetail and JobsInMotion.
5. Monster (HQ: US): $591 million; 4.8% market share; brands include CareerOne, Jobpilot, Workania, jobs.cz, profesia and Jobr.

Overall job board revenue growth belies a challenging and competitive environment, particularly for traditional job boards (still the predominant model), as basic job board functionalities have become commoditized and new business models and websites have captured market share, according to the report.

Staffing Industry Analysts’ corporate members and CWS council members can download the full report online.