The median base pay rise expectation among employers has reached 5%, according to the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD). This is a new record high for CIPD’s quarterly employment barometer which goes back to 2012.

The barometer’s data showed that the median anticipated public sector pay rise expectations of 2% lag those in the private sector at 5%. The CIPD said the gap provides the context for ongoing discontent and strikes among key public sector workers.

CIPD’s research also found that further pay increases could be in store this year, with 55% of employers saying they expect to raise base or variable pay further in 2023 to better recruit and retain staff.

The CIPD’s survey of 2,012 employers found that seven in ten employers (71%) expect to hire in the next three months and anticipated redundancies remain below pre-pandemic levels. Despite strong hiring intentions, more than half (57%) of employers said they have hard-to-fill vacancies. Many expect this problem to persist to either a significant (29%) or minor (36%) extent in the next six months.

Of those organisations that have or plan to raise pay in response to hard-to-fill vacancies, 57% plan to achieve this by raising prices rather than lowering profits and absorbing costs (47%). The opposite was true 12 months ago, suggesting that the tight labour market will increasingly feed through into price rises for organisations’ goods and services.

The most common approaches used by employers to address hard-to-fill vacancies in the past six months are to upskill existing staff (47%), raise wages (43%), increase the duties of existing staff (36%), improve job quality (27%) and hire more apprentices (26%). Increasing the duties of existing staff is more prevalent in sectors with striking workers such as education (43%) and healthcare (40%).

The CIPD survey also suggests that employers appear to be more receptive to hiring people who are returning to work after having time out of the labour market, for reasons other than having a child, such as other caring responsibilities or a health condition. More than a third (36%) plan to do this in the next three years, up from 29% who reported they had done so in the past three years, an important development given the increase in inactivity due to health conditions.

Jon Boys, senior labour market economist for the CIPD, said, “Many employers are recognising the potential to attract certain groups to fill vacancies, particularly older workers, carers and those with health conditions, but this also requires a focus on improving job quality, particularly flexibility.”